Rotator Cuff Tears
The rotator cuff is a group of four small muscles (Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Subscapularis, and Teres Minor) which help to provide stability and assist in the motion of the shoulder. These four muscles join together to attach to the humerus (upper arm bone) via a continuous “cuff” of tissue (tendon).
A rotator cuff tears can occur from an acute fall or accident or chronic repetitive stress on the shoulder such as overhead athletes and laborers. Often patients do not recall any injury to the shoulder and they tendon simply wore down over time due to everyday wear and tear.
Rotator cuff tears can vary in size and severity. Tear severity can vary from simple fraying of the tendon to partial-thickness tears to full-thickness tears.
Symptoms of a Rotator Cuff Tear
Patients with rotator cuff tears often complain of the following symptoms:
- Pain the in shoulder or upper arm
- Difficulty sleeping
- Unable to reach above their head
- Difficulty putting on a jacket or shirt
The diagnosis of a rotator cuff tear can be made with a thorough physical exam and imaging studies such as an X-ray, an ultrasound and an MRI.
Treatment Options
Treatment for rotator cuff tears is determined based on a variety of factors including tear size, severity, and chronicity. Other important factors to consider include the patient’s symptoms, activity level, and previous treatment.
Partial-thickness rotator cuff tears are often treated conservatively with physical therapy and possible an injection. Many partial-thickness tears can be successfully treated with these noninvasive options.
Full-thickness rotator cuff tears generally require surgery to reattach the tendon to the bone. The surgery is done using a minimally-invasive arthroscopic technique and is done as an outpatient in an ambulatory surgery center.
Rehabilitation
Although the specific post-operative protocol may vary based on the specific details of your procedure, in general patients will wear a sling at all times (aside from showering) for the first 3-4 weeks. Formal physical therapy generally lasts for 3-4 months after surgery in an effort to improve motion and strength.